Corn without note in MG: penalty reaches 40% of the negotiated value

Anyone who sells corn in Minas Gerais without an invoice can pay dearly. According to O Antagonista, article 55, item II, of Law 6,763/1975 sets the penalty at 40% of the value of the operation when there is an exit, transport or stock of merchandise without a tax document. In specific cases, the penalty can drop to 20%.

To measure the risk, the publication uses a fictitious example: 300 bags of 60 kg, or 18 tons of corn, sold for R$18,000 without a note. In this scenario, the fine would be R$7,200, in addition to the tax due. According to the same source, anyone who sells agricultural production needs to document the output with a note from the producer himself, or with an NF-e generated by a taxpayer who has state registration.

Funrural also weighs in on this account. According to the same source, the rate is 1.2% on gross sales revenue, in accordance with article 25 of Law 8,212/1991, as amended by Law 13,606/2018. If the purchaser is a company or cooperative, it is this buyer who must withhold and pass on the tax, due on the 20th of the month following the acquisition, in accordance with article 30, III, of the same rule. To start regularizing, the producer must request his rural IE from the State Treasury.

Paraná went further. According to O Antagonista, the NFP-e (model 55) now takes the place of the old printed form (model 4). According to NPF nº 32/2025, the obligation applies to any sale, within the state or to other states, starting from January 5, 2026. Before that, the rule only reached, since 2021, those who sold to other states and had revenues above R$200 thousand per year. The issuer can use the Revenue PR Portal, the Nota Fiscal Fácil application or a previously registered program.

Minas also appears on another front, that of strategic minerals. According to Estadão, the country ranks second in graphite reserves in the world, with 27% of the measured volume, second only to China. Graphcoa, a company linked to Appian Capital Brazil, holds exploration and mining rights for natural graphite in Jordan, in the northeast of Minas Gerais, in the Jequitinhonha Valley, on the border with Bahia, 820 kilometers from Belo Horizonte. The municipality has 105 thousand inhabitants.

According to the same newspaper, the project in the state is budgeted at R$800 million and depends on a booming market for graphite, a mineral used in electric vehicle batteries, infrastructure works and energy transition projects. What is at stake, in both cases, is the formalization of the activity: in corn, the difference between issuing the note and paying the fine can reach thousands of reais in a single charge.

What changes for the investor

For those who follow agribusiness and companies that buy grains, the note requirement and Funrural retention tend to increase the cost of operating informally. Buyers and cooperatives that deal with undocumented producers may feel more pressure on their fiscal routines and the predictability of their operations. The information collected does not provide data on the impact on corn prices or specific actions. In the graffiti, the demand cited by Estadão, linked to batteries and energy transition, is the vector that draws the most attention to the project, but the material does not provide an execution schedule. This text is not a recommendation to buy or sell any asset.

Automatically translated from Portuguese.